Substitute

Matzo meal

Passover cookie or cake crumbs; ground nuts; Matzo meal; Coconut Macaroon Pie Shell; Chocolate Macaroon Pie Shell

Use half the amount of potato starch or egg yolk, 1 yolk being equal to 1 tablespoon of flour

Potato starch

5/8 cup of potato starch; Matzo cake meal; or a combination of cake meal and potato starch

1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar; Passover baking powder

3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1 tablespoon shortening; Passover chocolate (melted, shaved or chopped)

Lemon juice or zest from lemon peel; orange juice or zest from orange peel; Passover brandy; vanilla sugar or crushed vanilla bean; Passover flavorings

1 cup granulated sugar less 1/2 tablespoon, pulverized in a blender and sifted together with 1 1/2 teaspoons potato starch

1 tablespoon lemon juice plus enough milk to make 1 cup. Let stand for 5 minutes.

7/8 cup milk plus 2 tablespoons melted butter - for cooking only

3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup melted butter - for cooking only, not whipping

If comparable Passover ingredient is not available, substitute apple, orange, wine, or grape juice in the same amount, or bouillon in the same amount, depending on the nature of the recipe